Enhance security by ensuring unique SSH host keys for VMs and protecting registry credentials. Update documentation to reflect changes in SSH key management and improve state file permissions.

tests/test_images.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import hashlib
 import tempfile
 import unittest
 from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 from uvm.config import Settings
 from uvm.errors import UvmError
@@ -21,12 +22,15 @@ from uvm.system import CommandResult
 class PasswordHashRunner:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self.command: tuple[str, ...] | None = None
+        self.calls: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
         self.options: dict[str, object] = {}
 
     def run(self, command, **options) -> CommandResult:
         self.command = tuple(str(part) for part in command)
+        self.calls.append(self.command)
         self.options = options
-        return CommandResult(self.command, 0, stdout="$6$salt$password-hash\n")
+        stdout = "$6$salt$password-hash\n" if self.command[0] == "openssl" else ""
+        return CommandResult(self.command, 0, stdout=stdout)
 
 
 class ImageStoreTests(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -79,15 +83,27 @@ class ImageStoreTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_enables_root_password_login_before_existing_sshd_settings(self) -> None:
         updated = _enable_ssh_password_authentication(
-            "PasswordAuthentication no\nPermitRootLogin prohibit-password\n",
+            "HostKey /insecure/shared-key\n"
+            "PasswordAuthentication no\n"
+            "PermitRootLogin prohibit-password\n",
             "root",
         )
 
         self.assertTrue(
             updated.startswith(
-                "# Managed by uvm\nPasswordAuthentication yes\nPermitRootLogin yes\n"
+                "# Managed by uvm\n"
+                "HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key\n"
+                "HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key\n"
+                "HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key\n"
+                "PasswordAuthentication no\n"
+                "PermitRootLogin yes\n"
+                "Match User root\n"
+                "    PasswordAuthentication yes\n"
+                "Match all\n"
             )
         )
+        self.assertNotIn("/insecure/shared-key", updated)
+        self.assertNotIn("PermitRootLogin prohibit-password", updated)
 
     def test_removes_only_the_public_firecracker_demo_key(self) -> None:
         own_key = "ssh-ed25519 AAAA-own-key developer@example"
@@ -97,3 +113,40 @@ class ImageStoreTests(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(updated, f"{own_key}\n")
+
+    def test_generates_three_unique_guest_host_key_types(self) -> None:
+        runner = PasswordHashRunner()
+        store = ImageStore(Settings(), runner=runner)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        with (
+            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temporary_directory,
+            patch.object(store, "_read_guest_file", return_value=None),
+            patch.object(store, "_write_guest_file") as write_guest_file,
+        ):
+            store._replace_guest_host_keys(
+                Path("/tmp/rootfs.ext4"),
+                Path(temporary_directory),
+            )
+
+        keygen_calls = [call for call in runner.calls if call[0] == "ssh-keygen"]
+        self.assertEqual([call[3] for call in keygen_calls], ["rsa", "ecdsa", "ed25519"])
+        self.assertEqual(write_guest_file.call_count, 6)
+
+    def test_optional_guest_file_inspection_fails_closed_on_debugfs_errors(self) -> None:
+        class FailedRunner:
+            @staticmethod
+            def run(_command, **_options) -> CommandResult:
+                return CommandResult(
+                    args=("debugfs",),
+                    returncode=0,
+                    stderr="filesystem checksum failure",
+                )
+
+        store = ImageStore(Settings(), runner=FailedRunner())  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temporary_directory:
+            with self.assertRaises(UvmError):
+                store._read_guest_file(
+                    Path("/tmp/rootfs.ext4"),
+                    "/root/.ssh/authorized_keys",
+                    Path(temporary_directory) / "authorized_keys",
+                    required=False,
+                )